Complete Guide to Cold Laser Therapy in Adelaide

Everything you need to know about low-level laser therapy (LLLT) — how it works, what conditions it may help, the research behind it, and what to expect at Stapleton Chiropractic.

Book Your Initial Assessment — $99

528 Marion Road, Plympton Park SA 5038  |  Mon–Fri 8am–6:30pm, Sat 8am–12pm

What’s in This Guide

  1. Cold Laser Therapy at a Glance
  2. What Is Cold Laser Therapy?
  3. Conditions Comparison Table
  4. How Treatment Works — Step by Step
  5. Evidence & Research
  6. Frequently Asked Questions (20+)
  7. Explore Conditions In Depth
  8. Pricing
  9. Book an Appointment

Cold Laser Therapy at a Glance

12+
Musculoskeletal Conditions Addressed

Lancet
Published Systematic Review
(Chow et al. 2009)

$120
Per Standard Session
($99 Initial Consult)

50+
Years of Chiropractic Care in Adelaide

0
Reported Serious Adverse Effects in Systematic Reviews

What Is Cold Laser Therapy?

Cold laser therapy — also called low-level laser therapy (LLLT) or photobiomodulation (PBM) — is a non-invasive treatment that applies specific wavelengths of light to tissue to support the body’s natural recovery processes. Unlike surgical or cosmetic lasers, cold lasers do not cut, burn, or heat tissue. The term “cold” refers to the fact that the light energy output is below the threshold for thermal tissue damage.

How Does Photobiomodulation Work?

When photons from the laser reach cells, they are absorbed by chromophores — primarily cytochrome c oxidase within the mitochondria. This interaction supports the electron transport chain and may increase the production of adenosine triphosphate (ATP), the molecule that cells use for energy. Research suggests this process may help with cellular repair, modulation of inflammatory markers, and local circulation.

The proposed biological mechanisms include:

  • ATP production: Enhanced mitochondrial function may support cellular energy availability during tissue recovery.
  • Inflammatory modulation: Research suggests photobiomodulation may influence prostaglandins, interleukins, and other inflammatory mediators.
  • Circulation: LLLT may support local microcirculation, which can assist nutrient delivery and waste removal from damaged tissues.
  • Nerve function: Some studies indicate photobiomodulation may influence nerve conduction velocity and nerve cell metabolism.

Cold Laser vs. Surgical Laser — What’s the Difference?

Surgical lasers use high-powered beams to cut or ablate tissue. Cold lasers (such as the device we use at Stapleton Chiropractic) operate at lower power levels. They are designed to deliver therapeutic light energy without generating significant heat in the target tissue.

Conditions We Address with Cold Laser Therapy

The following table summarises the 12 primary conditions for which we offer cold laser therapy, along with the approximate strength of available research evidence, typical treatment protocols, and a key supporting study for each. Click any condition for an in-depth page.

ConditionEvidence LevelCourse LengthKey Study
Neck PainStrongShorter courseChow et al. 2009, The Lancet
Low Back PainStrongStandard courseYousefi-Nooraie et al. 2008, Cochrane Review
Knee OsteoarthritisStrongStandard courseHuang et al. 2015, Osteoarthritis & Cartilage
TendinopathyStrongShorter courseBjordal et al. 2006, Physical Therapy
Shoulder PainModerateStandard courseHaslerud et al. 2015, BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders
Sciatica & Nerve PainModerateStandard courseKonstantinovic et al. 2010, Photomedicine and Laser Surgery
Arthritis (General)ModerateStandard courseBrosseau et al. 2005, Cochrane Review
Plantar FasciitisModerateShorter courseMacias et al. 2015, Journal of Clinical Orthopaedics
Headaches & MigrainesModerateShorter courseLoeb et al. 2018, Cephalalgia
TMJ DisordersModerateShorter courseMaia et al. 2012, Cranio
Sports RecoveryModerateShorter courseLeal-Junior et al. 2015, Lasers in Medical Science
FibromyalgiaEmergingExtended courseArmagan et al. 2006, Rheumatology International

Evidence levels are based on published systematic reviews and randomised controlled trials available as of 2025. “Strong” indicates multiple high-quality systematic reviews; “Moderate” indicates at least one systematic review or multiple RCTs; “Emerging” indicates limited but promising clinical trial data. Individual outcomes vary.

How Cold Laser Treatment Works at Stapleton Chiropractic

1

Initial Consultation & Assessment

Your first visit ($99) includes a thorough history, orthopaedic and neurological examination, and discussion of your goals. We determine whether cold laser therapy is appropriate for your presentation and develop a tailored management plan.

2

Treatment Protocol Design

Based on your assessment, we select the appropriate wavelength, dosage (measured in joules per cm²), and treatment area. Protocols are informed by published dosage guidelines — particularly the World Association for Photobiomodulation Therapy (WALT) recommendations.

3

Cold Laser Application

During each session, the laser probe is applied directly to the skin over the affected area. Sessions typically take 5–15 minutes depending on the size of the treatment area. Most people report feeling nothing or a mild warmth. Protective eyewear is provided for safety.

4

Progressive Review

We reassess your progress at regular intervals throughout the course of care. Treatment frequency and duration are tailored to your specific condition and response. Adjustments are made based on your progress, and the decision to continue is always yours.

5

Expected Outcomes Timeline

Some people notice changes early in their treatment course, while others may require more time before experiencing meaningful improvement. Research suggests that adequate dosage and treatment frequency are important factors in achieving positive outcomes. Results vary between individuals.

Evidence & Research

Cold laser therapy (LLLT/PBM) has been the subject of thousands of peer-reviewed studies. The following evidence cards highlight key publications that inform our clinical approach.

Landmark Systematic Review — Neck Pain

A systematic review and meta-analysis of 16 randomised controlled trials found that LLLT reduced pain immediately after treatment in acute and chronic neck pain compared with placebo.

Chow RT, Johnson MI, Lopes-Martins RA, Bjordal JM. The Lancet. 2009;374(9705):1897-1908.

Cochrane Review — Low Back Pain

A Cochrane systematic review examined LLLT for non-specific low back pain and found short-term improvements in pain and disability outcomes compared with sham laser.

Yousefi-Nooraie R, et al. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. 2008;(2):CD005107.

Meta-Analysis — Knee Osteoarthritis

A meta-analysis of RCTs demonstrated that LLLT, when delivered at recommended dosages, was associated with reductions in knee pain and improvements in function.

Huang Z, et al. Osteoarthritis and Cartilage. 2015;23(9):1437-1444.

Systematic Review — Tendinopathy

LLLT at recommended WALT dosages provided clinically significant pain reduction in tendinopathy compared to placebo.

Bjordal JM, et al. BMC Musculoskelet Disord. 2008;9:75.

Exercise Recovery & Performance

Photobiomodulation applied before exercise may reduce muscle fatigue and markers of muscle damage, potentially supporting faster recovery.

Leal-Junior EC, et al. Lasers Med Sci. 2015;30(2):925-939.

Note: Research evidence supports the use of LLLT for various musculoskeletal conditions, but individual responses vary. We do not claim that cold laser therapy will produce specific outcomes for every patient.

Frequently Asked Questions About Cold Laser Therapy

General Questions

What is cold laser therapy (LLLT)?
Cold laser therapy, also known as low-level laser therapy (LLLT) or photobiomodulation (PBM), is a non-invasive treatment that uses specific wavelengths of light to interact with tissue. It does not cut, burn, or heat the body. The therapeutic light is applied to the skin using a handheld probe, and each session typically takes 5–15 minutes. LLLT has been studied in clinical trials for a range of musculoskeletal conditions.
What does photobiomodulation (PBM) mean?
Photobiomodulation is the scientific term for the process by which specific wavelengths of light interact with cellular structures. “Photo” means light, “bio” means life or biological, and “modulation” means to regulate or adjust. When therapeutic light reaches cells, it is absorbed by photoreceptors in the mitochondria, which may support natural cellular processes including energy production and tissue recovery. PBM is the term increasingly used in peer-reviewed research.
Is cold laser the same as a hot laser or surgical laser?
No, cold laser therapy is fundamentally different from surgical or high-power lasers. Surgical lasers use high-energy output to intentionally cut or destroy tissue. Cold lasers operate at much lower power levels — they do not generate enough heat to damage tissue.
How long has cold laser therapy been used?
Low-level laser therapy has been used clinically since the late 1960s, when Professor Endre Mester in Hungary first documented its effects on wound healing. Since then, thousands of peer-reviewed studies have been published. The research base has grown substantially, with landmark publications such as the Chow et al. 2009 systematic review in The Lancet.

Safety & Side Effects

Is cold laser therapy safe?
Cold laser therapy has an excellent safety profile based on published systematic reviews. No serious adverse effects have been reported in the clinical trial literature when the device is used according to manufacturer guidelines and established protocols. Protective eyewear is worn during treatment.
What are the side effects of cold laser therapy?
Side effects from cold laser therapy are uncommon and generally mild. Some people may experience a temporary increase in local discomfort or a mild tingling sensation during or shortly after treatment. Systematic reviews have not identified serious adverse effects associated with LLLT when used at recommended dosages.
What are the contraindications for cold laser therapy?
Cold laser therapy is generally avoided over active malignancies, directly over the eyes without appropriate eyewear, and over the abdomen during pregnancy as a precautionary measure. It is typically not applied over the thyroid gland without clinical justification. People taking photosensitising medications should discuss this with their practitioner before treatment.
Can I have cold laser therapy during pregnancy?
Cold laser therapy is generally not applied directly over the abdomen during pregnancy as a precautionary measure, as there is insufficient research on the effects of LLLT on fetal development. However, treatment to other areas of the body (such as the neck, shoulders, or extremities) may still be considered on a case-by-case basis.

Treatment Process

How many cold laser sessions will I need?
This depends on the nature and duration of your condition, the treatment area, and your individual response. Acute conditions generally respond over shorter treatment courses, while chronic presentations often require more extended care. Dr Sam (Chiropractor) will assess your situation and discuss a personalised recommendation at your initial consultation.
How long does each cold laser session take?
Each cold laser application typically takes between 5 and 15 minutes, depending on the size and number of areas being treated. The initial consultation takes approximately 30–45 minutes as it includes a thorough examination and treatment plan discussion.
What does cold laser therapy feel like?
Most people feel nothing during cold laser therapy, or describe a mild warmth or tingling at the treatment site. The laser probe is placed in contact with the skin and there is no discomfort, injection, or incision involved. There is no recovery time required after a session — you can resume normal daily activities immediately.
Can cold laser therapy be combined with chiropractic adjustments?
Yes, cold laser therapy is frequently used alongside chiropractic care at Stapleton Chiropractic. The two approaches address different aspects of musculoskeletal conditions — chiropractic care focuses on joint function and spinal mechanics, while cold laser therapy targets cellular and tissue-level processes. Many of our management plans integrate both modalities.
Do I need a referral for cold laser therapy?
No referral is needed for cold laser therapy at Stapleton Chiropractic. As registered chiropractors, we are primary contact practitioners — you can book directly without a GP referral. However, if your GP or other healthcare provider has recommended cold laser therapy, we are happy to work collaboratively with your broader care team.

Cost & Coverage

How much does cold laser therapy cost in Adelaide?
At Stapleton Chiropractic, the initial consultation including assessment and first treatment is $99. Standard follow-up cold laser sessions are $120. Cold laser therapy may be included as part of a broader chiropractic management plan depending on your presentation. We aim to keep our pricing accessible and transparent — there are no hidden fees.
Does private health insurance cover cold laser therapy?
Cold laser therapy at Stapleton Chiropractic is a private fee service and is not currently claimable through private health insurance. The initial cold laser consultation is $99, and standard follow-up sessions are $120. These fees are transparent and discussed before any treatment begins.
Is cold laser therapy covered by Medicare?
Medicare does not currently provide rebates for chiropractic services, including cold laser therapy. Cold laser is offered as a private fee service at $99 for the initial consultation and $120 for standard sessions. No referral is required to book.

Conditions & Effectiveness

Which conditions respond best to cold laser therapy?
Based on the published research, the conditions with the strongest evidence base for cold laser therapy include neck pain, low back pain, knee osteoarthritis, and tendinopathy. The Chow et al. 2009 Lancet systematic review provided strong support for neck pain in particular. Moderate evidence exists for shoulder pain, sciatica, plantar fasciitis, headaches, TMJ disorders, arthritis, and sports recovery. Individual responses vary.
Can cold laser therapy help with chronic pain?
Cold laser therapy has been studied in both acute and chronic pain presentations. Several systematic reviews have included participants with chronic musculoskeletal conditions and reported positive outcomes compared with placebo. Chronic conditions may require longer treatment courses. Cold laser therapy is typically used as one component of a broader management plan for chronic pain.
What is the success rate of cold laser therapy?
Response rates vary depending on the condition, dosage parameters, chronicity, and individual factors. Systematic reviews have generally reported statistically significant improvements in pain and function compared to placebo for conditions like neck pain and knee osteoarthritis. However, not all individuals respond to LLLT, and the research shows variability in outcomes. We monitor your progress and adjust your management plan accordingly.

Comparing Cold Laser to Other Treatments

How does cold laser therapy compare to cortisone injections?
Cold laser therapy and cortisone injections work through different mechanisms. Cortisone is a corticosteroid that suppresses local inflammation. Cold laser therapy uses light energy to support cellular processes non-invasively. Some research suggests that LLLT may offer comparable short-term pain relief for certain conditions like tendinopathy without the potential risks associated with repeated corticosteroid injections. The best approach depends on your specific condition and medical history.
How does cold laser therapy compare to physiotherapy?
Cold laser therapy and physiotherapy are different but potentially complementary approaches. Physiotherapy typically focuses on exercise prescription, manual therapy, and movement rehabilitation. Cold laser therapy provides a specific light-based intervention targeting cellular processes. At Stapleton Chiropractic, we integrate cold laser therapy with chiropractic care and may recommend exercise-based rehabilitation alongside laser treatment for optimal management.
Is cold laser therapy better than acupuncture?
Cold laser therapy and acupuncture are different modalities that have each been studied for musculoskeletal pain conditions. Some research has explored “laser acupuncture,” which applies laser light to acupuncture points as a needle-free alternative. Both modalities have published evidence for certain conditions, and the best approach depends on your individual presentation and preferences. Cold laser therapy has the advantage of being completely non-invasive — there are no needles involved.

Explore Conditions In Depth

Each condition has a dedicated page with detailed information about how cold laser therapy is applied, the specific research evidence, and what to expect during treatment.

Neck Pain
Low Back Pain
Knee Osteoarthritis
Tendinopathy
Shoulder Pain
Sciatica & Nerve Pain
Arthritis
Plantar Fasciitis
Headaches & Migraines
TMJ Disorders
Sports Recovery
Fibromyalgia

Related Chiropractic Condition Pages

Neck Pain — Chiropractic Care
Lower Back Pain — Chiropractic Care
Nerve Pain — Cold Laser
Neck & Back Pain — Cold Laser
Arthritis & Inflammation
Sports Injuries
What Is Cold Laser Therapy?

Pricing

$99
Initial Consultation
Includes assessment & first treatment

$120
Standard Session
Follow-up cold laser treatment

No referral required. Cold laser therapy is a private fee service. No referral needed. Transparent pricing with no hidden fees.

Ready to Find Out If Cold Laser Therapy Is Right for You?

Book your initial assessment at Stapleton Chiropractic. We’ll examine your condition, discuss the evidence, and create a tailored management plan.

Book Your $99 Initial Assessment

528 Marion Road, Plympton Park SA 5038  |  Mon–Fri 8am–6:30pm, Sat 8am–12pm
(08) 8297 5277